Les conditions d'une gestion économique de la biodiversité - Un parallèle avec le changement climatique

To which extent biodiversity may be amenable to an economically framed management? In order to give light on this question, the paper begins with a characterization of the economic representation of the world. It then introduces a comparison between the framing of the issue of global warming, with its practical institutional solution, the 1997 Kyoto protocol, and that of biodiversity. Beyond several common features, a big difference has to be underlined: for biodiversity, there is no general equivalent such as CO2 that would allow the settlement of a homogeneous worldwide regime and a coherent articulation between local actions and global stakes. The building of a regime of protection of biodiversity has to find support from the various types of concerns of human agents and cannot escape compromising between different forms of organization and regulation. Eventually, the paper identifies several directions of progress for scientific ecology in relation to the issue of biodiversity.