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Fermi Detection of γ-Ray Emission from the M2 Soft X-Ray Flare on 2010 June 12

Ackermann, M. / Ajello, M. / Allafort, A. / B. Atwood, W. / Baldini, L. / Barbiellini, G. / Bastieri, D. / Bechtol, K. / Bellazzini, R. / N. Bhat, P. / D. Blandford, R. / Bonamente, E. / W. Borgland, A. / Bregeon, J. / S. Briggs, M. / Brigida, M. / Bruel, P. / Buehler, R. / M. Burgess, J. / Buson, S. / A. Caliandro, G. / A. Cameron, R. / M. Casandjian, J. / Cecchi, C. / Charles, E. / Chekhtman, A. / Chiang, J. / Ciprini, S. / Claus, R. / Cohen-Tanugi, J. / Connaughton, V. / Conrad, J. / Cutini, S. / R. Dennis, B. / De Palma, F. / D. Dermer, C. / W. Digel, S. / Silva, E. / S. Drell, P. / Drlica-Wagner, A. / Dubois, R. / Favuzzi, C. / J. Fegan, S. / C. Ferrara, E. / Fortin, P. / Fukazawa, Y. / Fusco, P. / Gargano, F. / Germani, S. / Giglietto, N. / Giordano, F. / Giroletti, M. / Glanzman, T. / Godfrey, G. / Grillo, L. / E. Grove, J. / Gruber, D. / Guiriec, S. / Hadasch, D. / Hayashida, M. / Hays, E. / Horan, D. / Iafrate, G. / Jóhannesson, G. / S. Johnson, A. / N. Johnson, W. / Kamae, T. / M. Kippen, R. / Knödlseder, J. / Kuss, M. / Lande, J. / Latronico, L. / Longo, F. / Loparco, F. / Lott, B. / N. Lovellette, M. / Lubrano, P. / N. Mazziotta, M. / E. Mcenery, J. / Meegan, C. / Mehault, J. / F. Michelson, P. / Mitthumsiri, W. / Monte, C. / E. Monzani, M. / Morselli, A. / V. Moskalenko, I. / Murgia, S. / Murphy, R. / Naumann-Godo, M. / Nuss, E. / Nymark, T. / Ohno, M. / Ohsugi, T. / Okumura, A. / Omodei, N. / Orlando, E. / S. Paciesas, W. / H. Panetta, J. / Parent, D. / Pesce-Rollins, M. / Petrosian, V. / Pierbattista, M. / Piron, F. / Pivato, G. / Poon, H. / Porter, T.A. / Preece, R. / Rainò, S. / Rando, R. / Razzano, M. / Razzaque, S. / Reimer, A. / Reimer, O. / Ritz, S. / Sbarra, C. / A Schwartz, R. / Sgrò, C. / H. Share, G. / J. Siskind, E. / Spinelli, P. / Takahashi, H. / Tanaka, T. / Tanaka, Y. / B. Thayer, J. / Tibaldo, L. / Tinivella, M. / K. Tolbert, A. / Tosti, G. / Troja, E. / Uchiyama, Y. / L. Usher, T. / Vandenbroucke, J. / Vasileiou, V. / Vianello, G. / Vitale, V. / Von Kienlin, A. / P. Waite, A. / Wilson-Hodge, C. / L. Wood, D. / S. Wood, K. / Yang, Z. - 2015
The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M2-class solar flare, SOL2010-06-12T00:57, was modest in many respects yet exhibited remarkable acceleration of energetic particles. The flare produced an ~50 s impulsive burst of hard X- and γ-ray emission up to at least 400 MeV observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope experiments. The remarkably similar hard X-ray and high-energy γ-ray time profiles suggest that most of the particles were accelerated to energies gsim300 MeV with a delay of ~10 s from mildly relativistic electrons, but some reached these energies in as little as ~3 s. The γ-ray line fluence from this flare was about 10 times higher than that typically observed from this modest GOES class of X-ray flare. There is no evidence for time-extended >100 MeV emission as has been found for other flares with high-energy γ-rays.

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